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Blogs
Staple Fiber: Cov ntaub ntawv siv siv lub hauv paus ntawm kev lag luam textile
2025-06-29
Qhia tawm:
Nyob rau hauv lub tsev neeg loj heev ntawm cov ntaub ntawv textile, staple fiber pab ua lub hauv paus siv. Txawm hais tias tsis yog li lub qhov muag - ntes tau raws li falam paj, nws tau dhau los ua ib feem tsis tseem ceeb ntawm kev lag luam textile ua tsaug rau nws cov khoom thiab cov ntawv thov uas dav dav. Los ntawm cov khaub ncaws peb hnav txhua hnub rau ntau textiles hauv peb lub neej hauv tsev, muaj fiber ntau yog qhov txhia chaw.
I. Kev txhais thiab Ntsiab Lus
Staple fiber txog cov fibers nrog luv ntev ntev, feem ntau luv dua li fotament los ntawm ob peb centimeters mus rau ob peb kaum ntawm centimeters. Txawv los ntawm daim ntawv txuas ntxiv ntawm falament fibers fibers, staple fibers yuav tsum tau mus dhau ntawm cov txheej txheem spinning. Ntau cov lus luv luv yog sib sau thiab sib dhos kom tau cov xov paj tsim nyog rau kev xaws. Cov ntawv fiber ntau no xaus nrog cov yam ntxwv uas muaj qhov sib txawv uas txawv ntawm cov lus nug no rau thaum ua tiav thiab kev siv. Yam khoom xws li qhov ntev, zoo kawg nkaus, thiab saum npoo morphology ntawm staple fibers txhua tus muaj kev cuam tshuam tseem ceeb ntawm cov khoom ntawm lub txiaj ntsig ntawm cov yarns thiab ntaub.
Ii. Kev faib tawm thiab cov yam ntxwv
(I) Cov kab ke staps
- Paj Rwb Fiber: Paj rwb fiber ntau yog ib qho ntawm feem ntau thiab dav siv ntuj stapers fibers. Nws los ntawm cov paj rwb nroj tsuag. Cov fibers yog slender thiab muag muag, nrog lub raum - zoo li tus ntoo khaub lig - ntu thiab cov kev ntseeg ntuj. Paj rwb fiber muaj cov nqus dej noo zoo heev, uas tuaj yeem nqus tau thiab tso tawm sai sai thiab tawm hws ntawm tib neeg lub cev, ua kom tib neeg qhuav thiab xis. Nws tseem muaj cov khoom pleev xim zoo nkauj thiab tuaj yeem ua tau los ua ntau cov xim ci thiab pom xim kom tau raws li cov khoom siv sib txawv rau cov khaub ncaws thiab cov textile xim. Ib qho ntxiv, cov paj rwb muaj cov cua sov zoo thiab ua cov khoom muag muag thawj zaug rau cov khaub ncaws ua ntej thiab cov tsho paj rwb, paj rwb, thiab phuam da dej.
- Ntaub li linen fiber ntau: Linen fibers feem ntau suav nrog flax thiab ramie. Piv nrog cov paj rwb fibers, linen fibers yog coarser thiab nyuaj, muaj lub zog siab dua thiab lub ntuj, ntxhib ntxhib los mos. Nws muaj cov kev nqus tau muaj zog heev noo, txawm tias zoo dua li cov paj rwb thiab tuaj yeem siv cov dej noo hauv lub caij ntuj sov, uas yog txias thiab ua pa. Linen fiber kuj muaj cov tshuaj tua kab mob zoo thiab tsis yooj yim rau cov kab mob bedia, uas ua rau nws dav siv nyob rau hauv cov ntawv txheeb tsev xws li cov ntawv txaj thiab hauv ncoo. Txawm li cas los xij, linen fiber fiber cov ntaub yog ib tus tole shinkling, uas yog ib tug me drackback hauv kev siv.
- Tsiaj Fiber Ntau: Wool tsuas yog los ntawm cov plaub hau ntawm yaj. Cov nplaim dej ntawm cov plaub fiber ntau yog them nrog txheej txheem scaly, uas muab cov ntaub so nws cov cuab yeej zoo tshaj plaws. Ntawd yog, tom qab kev ntub dej - ua cua sov thiab kev ua txhua yam, cov fibers yuav entangle thiab xav ua ke. Wool Fiber muaj qhov kub ua kom zoo dua qub, ua rau nws muaj cov khoom siv zoo rau lub caij ntuj no thiab sov - khaws cov khoom siv wool, cov ntaub qhwv ntsej muag, thiab ntaub pam vov. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov ntaub nyias nyias muaj elasticity zoo, uas tuaj yeem haum lub cev nkhaus thaum tswj cov lus tsa suab zoo nkauj. Tab sis cov ntaub plaub tsiaj kuj muaj qee qhov tsis zoo, xws li nquag mus rau hauv kev ntsws thiab qhov yooj yim rau cov npauj puas tsuaj, xav tau ntau dua yog xav tau kev saib xyuas.
- Luv lo lo ntxhuav fibers: Txawm hais tias Silk muaj npe nrov rau nws cov filaments chamaments, ib qho nqi ntawm cov luv luv luv kuj tau tsim thaum lub sijhawm cov txheej txheem ntau lawm. Luv lo lo ntxhuav cov fibers khaws qee qhov ntawm cov yam ntxwv ntawm lo lo ntxhuav, xws li cov mos muag thiab du tes xav tias, zoo noo noo kev nqus, thiab ua pa zoo. Vim yog lawv qhov ntev ntev, lawv feem ntau sib xyaw nrog lwm tus fibers thiab siv los ua ib nrab ntawm cov ntaub npuag thiab cov txaj, kom txhim kho cov ntawv nyeem thiab kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov khoom lag luam.
(II) Tshuaj Staple Fibers
- Viscose staple fiber: Viscose staple fiber ntau yog ua los ntawm cov pob zeb ntuj (xws li ntoo thiab paj rwb thiab cov txheej txheem tshuaj lom neeg. Nws muaj kev nqus dej noo thiab dyeing cov zog rau cov paj rwb fiber ntau, nrog ob txhais tes muag xav thiab xis hnav kev lom zem. Viscose staple fish fayrics muaj drape zoo thiab feem ntau siv los ua tsho, ris tsho hauv tsev xws li cov ntaub npog thiab rooj zaum. Txawm li cas los xij, viscose staple fiber muaj qhov ntub dej ntub thiab muaj zog rau deformation hauv lub xeev ntub dej, yog li nws yuav tsum tau ua kom saib xyuas thaum ntxuav thiab siv.
- Polyester staple fiber: Polyester staple fiber ntau yog ib qho tseem ceeb ntawm cov tshuaj lom neeg stapers, muaj ntau rau tib tsev neeg polyester fiber ntau li polyester filentament xov. Nws muaj cov yam ntxwv xws li lub zog siab, hnav tsis kam, wrinkle tiv taus, thiab zoo seem ruaj khov. Polyester staple fiber ntau feem ntau sib xyaw nrog ntuj fibers lossis lwm yam tshuaj lom neeg cov tshuaj lom neeg los ua rau cov kev ua si ntawm ntuj thiab muab tag nrho cov txiaj ntsig zoo rau nws tus kheej. Piv txwv li, polyester - cov tshuab paj rwb ua ke cov ris tsho tiv no, thiab siv cov khaub ncaws me me, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog cov khaub ncaws ua haujlwm thiab tsev kawm ntawv cov khaub ncaws uas xav tau siab ntev.
- Acrylic staple fiber: Acrylic Staple fiber muaj cov tsos thiab tes zoo ib yam li wool, yog li nws tseem hu ua "khoom siv hluavtaws". Nws muaj cov cua sov zoo, yog lub teeb yuag, thiab muaj lub teeb ua tau zoo heev. Txawm tias tom qab lub sij hawm ntev - lub sij hawm raug rau hnub ci, nws tsis yooj yim rau ploj lossis hnub nyoog. Acrylic staple fiber ntau siv los ua cov ntaub ntawv wool, pam vov pam vov, hws, thiab lwm yam khoom. Nws kuj tseem tuaj yeem sib xyaw nrog cov plaub tsiaj kom txo cov nqi thaum tswj cov kev ua kom sov thiab kev pom zoo ntawm cov khoom lag luam.
- Nylon staple fiber: Nylon staple fiber muaj kev ua tiav zoo heev, qeb duas ua ntej ntawm ntuj thiab tshuaj lom neeg. Tsis tas li ntawd, nws muaj qhov zoo elasticity thiab noo noo kev nqus, thiab tuaj yeem xa rov qab rau nws cov qauv qub yam tsis muaj deformation yooj yim. Nylon staple fiber ntau yog siv tau los ua cov thom khwm, kev ua si nawv, thiab lwm yam khoom. Hauv cov ntawv thov cov xwm txheej uas yuav tsum tau kev sib txhuam thiab ncab ntov, cov txiaj ntsig zoo ntawm cov nylon staple fiber ntau ua rau pom.
III. Cov txheej txheem ntau lawm
Cov txheej txheem ntau lawm ntawm staple fibers txawv nyob ntawm cov hom thiab qhov chaw ntawm cov fibers. Rau ntuj staple fibers, noj cov paj rwb fiber ntau, ua ntej, khaws cov paj rwb yuav tsum tau txais cov khoom paj rwb thiab muab las. Tom qab ntawd, los ntawm cov txheej txheem xws li kev qhib thiab tu, daim npav, cov paj rwb fibers tau sib xyaw ua ke rau hauv ib qho - Fiber ntau lub xeev, thiab kev tsis txaus siab thiab tsis txaus ntseeg tau raug tshem tawm. Thaum kawg, los ntawm kev caum cov txheej txheem xws li kos duab, rov qab, thiab kiv, cov tib nplais, cov tib nplais, cov tib nplais yog sib sau ua ke thiab sib dhos kom cov paj paj rwb.
Kev tsim cov tshuaj staple fibers yog qhov ntau dua complex. Noj cov kab mob viscle staple fiber ntau li ib qho piv txwv, lub ntuj cellulose raw khoom yog thawj cov tshuaj kho mob cellulose ua kom cellulose pulp. Tom qab ntawd, lub sam thiaj yog yaj nyob rau hauv cov kuab tshuaj tshwj xeeb kom ua rau cov ciav hlau kiv. Tom qab kev limhub thiab degassing, kiv cua kev sib cav yog extruded los ntawm cov spinneret mus rau hauv da dej sib xyaw kom ua rau cov neeg ua haujlwm. Cov filaments mus dhau kev tshaj tawm - cov txheej txheem kho mob xws li ncab, ntxuav, thiab thaum kawg txiav rau hauv staple fibers ntawm qee qhov ntev. Hauv cov txheej txheem ntau lawm ntawm cov tshuaj staple fibers, kev tswj hwm cov txheej txheem tshwm sim tsis tshua muaj zog kom ntseeg tau tias cov hmoov zoo thiab ua tau zoo ntawm cov kev cai.
IV. Daim Ntawv Thov
(I) textile thiab apprel kev lag luam
Staple fibers tau siv dav hauv cov ntawv nyeem thiab cov khoom zoo. Ntau yam kev siv tshuaj thiab tshuaj stape fibers yog siv los ua ntau ntau txoj kev ntawm kev sib txawv sib xyaw thiab kev xav tau kev nplij siab, kev zoo siab, thiab kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov khaub ncaws. Piv txwv li, paj rwb cov ntaub so huv si yog mos thiab xis, haum rau kev ua kom ze - haum khaub ncaws; Polyester - paj rwb cov ntaub ua ke ruaj khov thiab noo noo nqus thiab feem ntau siv rau kev ua cov hnav txhua hnub; Tsiaj - Acrylic Blended Fabrics yog sov thiab pheej yig, thiab yog ib qho kev xaiv ib txwm muaj rau cov khaub ncaws hnav lub caij ntuj no. Los ntawm siab - kawg zam rau nrawm - Cov khaub ncaws zam, los ntawm kev ua si hauv qab, staple fibers nyob txhua qhov chaw, muab ntau txoj kev xaiv rau cov neeg hnav.
(II) Kho kom zoo nkauj hauv tsev teb
Hauv kev kho kom zoo nkauj hauv tsev, staple fibers kuj ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb. Cov khoom siv hauv tsev xws li cov ntaub, rooj zaum npog, thiab cov ntaub pua txaj ua rau cov paj rwb thiab kev nplij siab rau lawv cov kev ntxhib los mos thiab ua pa zoo. Tshuaj lom neeg Staple fibers xws li Polyester staple fiber ntau, vim tias lawv cov ntaub pua plag staple thiab kuj tseem tuaj yeem txuas ntxiv cov kev pabcuam lub neej ntawm cov khoom lag luam hauv tsev. Ib qho ntxiv, qee qhov tshwj xeeb ua haujlwm staple fishs, xws li cov neeg muaj nplaim taws, muaj nplaim taws - tsim kom muaj kev noj qab haus huv thiab kev nyab xeeb dua nyob rau tib neeg.
(Iii) Industrial Daim Ntawv Thov Teb
Staple fibers kuj muaj txoj haujlwm indispensable hauv teb ntawm cov textiles. Piv txwv li, hauv cov ntaub ntawv lim, lim cov ntaub qhwv ua los ntawm cov roj ua kua thiab roj av xws li kev tiv thaiv tshuaj, kev tiv thaiv ib puag ncig, thiab khoom noj. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv ntawm geotextiles, staple fiber geotextiles muaj cov zog tensile muaj zog thiab dej permeability thiab tuaj yeem siv rau hauv txoj haujlwm tsim kho thiab lub pas dej tauv. Nyob rau hauv lub teb ntawm nonwovens cov ntaub ua los ntawm staple fibers los ntawm kev ua haujlwm xws li kev kho mob, ua liaj ua teb, cov ris tsho ua liaj ua teb, thiab lub suab nrov kho tsheb - rwb thaiv tsev lub paj rwb thaiv tsev.
V. Kev Xav Txog Yav Tom Ntej
Nrog kev nce qib txuas ntxiv ntawm science thiab thev naus laus zis thiab kev nce qib ntxiv rau lub neej zoo, kev txhim kho cov staple fibers tseem yuav tau ntsib cov kev tshiab thiab cov nyom. Ntawm ib sab tes, kev tshawb nrhiav thiab kev txhim kho cov khoom siv fiber fiber ntau yuav txuas ntxiv ua ntej.
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